The province had an area of 9,746 square miles (25,240 km2), and in 1905 had 2,979,221 inhabitants. What Prussia had obtained, with the addition of some old Prussian districts, was formed into the Province of Saxony. When I first spotted this document, I thought – ah just another German Empire I already have in my archive. In company with the tribe of Angles from Schleswig, a part of the Saxons settled on the island of Britain from which the Romans had withdrawn, where, as Anglo-Saxons, after having accepted Christianity about 600, they laid the foundation of Anglo-Saxon civilisation and the present Great Britain. The history of the powerful Saxon tribe is also the history of the conversion to Christianity of that part of Germany which lies between the Rhine and the Oder, that is of almost the whole of the present Northern Germany. The province was divided into the three government departments of Magdeburg, Merseburg and Erfurt. The King of Saxony was taken as a Prussian prisoner t… He divided the region he had acquired into several margraviates, the most important being: the North Mark, out of which in the course of time the Kingdom of Prussia developed, and the Margraviate of Meissen, from which sprang the Kingdom of Saxony. The Kingdom of Saxony, lasting between 1806 and 1918, was an independent member of a number of historical confederacies in Napoleonic through post-Napoleonic Germany. Outside of Berlin it contains the two largest and most important cities in eastern Germany, Leipzig and Dresden. [30] No new taxes could be imposed without the Diet's consent,[31] though the king was permitted to bypass this in certain instances. The Kingdom of Saxony (German: Königreich Sachsen), lasting from 1806 to 1918, was an independent member of a number of historical confederacies in Napoleonic through post-Napoleonic Germany. Note that creation of the Kingdom of Saxony … [26] Members were granted full freedom of speech in the chambers, but were not permitted to insult each other, the king, any member of the royal family, or the parliament. After the founding of the German Empire on 18 January 1871, the deputies were returned to the Reichstag of the German Empire. The greater share of its western portion was given, as the Duchy of Westphalia, to the Archbishopric of Cologne. A strong central authority was lacking during the reigns of the weak East Frankish kings of the Carolingian dynasty. Its capital was the city of Dresden, and its modern successor state is the Free State of Saxony. The Austrians and French insisted as a point of honour that Saxony must be spared, and the Prussians acquiesced. King Frederick Augustus III of Saxony followed him into abdication and the erstwhile Kingdom of Saxony became the Free State of Saxony within the newly formed Weimar Republic. The Byzantine emperors also aided much in bringing to Christianity the great Slavonic people, the Poles, who lived on the right bank of the Oder, as for a time the Polish country was under German suzerainty. After St. Sturmi's death (779) the country of the Saxons was divided into missionary districts, and each of these placed under a Frankish bishop. It should also be mentioned that about 1.5% of the inhabitants of Saxony consists of the remains of a Slavonic tribe called by the Germans Wends, and in their own language "Serbjo". Among the successful missionaries were also St. Willehad, the first bishop of Bremen, and his Anglo-Saxon companions. Henry I had been both King of Germany and Duke of Saxony at the same time. From 1871 it … At the Battle of Leipzig (16–18 October 1813), when Napoleon was completely defeated, the greater part of the Saxon troops deserted to the allied forces. Medieval Duchy of Saxony and Duchy of Saxe-Wittenberg (880–1356), Thus the Saxon (arch)bishops turned into prince-(arch)bishops, such as the, Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_Saxony&oldid=985663759, Articles needing additional references from May 2009, All articles needing additional references, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from May 2009, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Articles with multiple maintenance issues, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2017, Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with no article parameter, Articles incorporating text from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with no article parameter, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 27 October 2020, at 06:14. At the end of the Seven Years' War, Saxony once again became an independent state. All princes of the blood who were of legal age (defined as 19, in the constitution); One deputy from the Lutheran Cathedral of. When the Holy Roman Empire was dissolved in August 1806 following the defeat of Emperor Francis II by Napoleon at the Battle of Austerlitz, the electorate was raised to the status of an independent kingdom with the support of the First French Empire, then the dominant … [7] He appointed the president of the upper house of the Diet, together with a proxy from among three candidates suggested by that house,[8] and appointed the president and proxy of the lower house, as well. But then I had a second more in-depth look and saw it was issued 1910, for a Lieutenant with name Fritz Eulitz from the 5th Infantry Regiment “Kronprinz,” No. [36] As a consequence, the Kingdom returned Deputies to the Reichstag. Frederick II of Prussia chose to attack preemptively and invaded Saxony in August 1756, precipitating the Seven Years' War. In addition, electoral status required succession based on primogeniture, which precluded the division of the territory among several heirs and the consequent disintegration of the country. The hundred years of war waged by the family of Guelph with the Hohenstaufen emperors is famous in history. From 1871 it was part of the German Empire. It was dissolved in 1952, and divided into three smaller 'Bezirke' based on Leipzig, Dresden and Karl-Marx-Stadt, but reestablished within slightly altered borders in 1990 upon German reunification. [21] Each representative was elected for nine years; however, approximately one-third were required to resign their seats every three years (the exact figures were set in the constitution, and determined by lot at the commencement of the first session of the Diet), though all were eligible for immediate re-election. Initially the “Swords on Ring” were awarded to those that received the symbol of bravery, swords, to an existing civil order decoration. Saxony (German: Sachsen, Low German: Sassen), fofficially known as the United Kingdom of Saxony, is a sovereign state located in Central Europe.The nation is bordered in the north by Denmark, in the east by Prussia, in the south by Hesse, and in the west by Belgium and the Netherlands.. (See Saxon dynasty.) Wilhelm I's grandson Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicated in 1918 after Germany's defeat in the First World War.King Frederick Augustus III of Saxony followed him into abdication and the Kingdom of Saxony became the Free State of Saxony inside the newly-formed Weimar Republic. The judiciary was made independent of the civil government. [34] The High Court of Judiciature, created in Sections 142 to 150, was also given authority to rule upon "dubious" points in the constitution; its decision was decreed to be final, and was protected from royal interference.[35]. Duke of Saxony, Henry the Fowler, Holy Roman Emperor, Holy Roman Empire, Kingdom of East Francia, Kingdom of Germany, Kingdom of Lothringia, Kingdom of West Francia, Otto the Great, Treaty of Verdun Heinrich The Fowler (876 – July 2, 936) was the duke of Saxony from 912 and the elected king of East Francia (Germany) from 919 until his death in 936. Henry the Lion refused to aid the Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa in his campaign against the cities of Lombardy in 1176, consequently in 1180 the ban of the empire was proclaimed against Henry at Würzburg, and 1181 the old Duchy of Saxony was cut up at the Diet of Gelnhausen into many small portions. In 843 Saxony became part of the East Frankish, or German, kingdom. The last elector of Saxony became King Frederick Augustus I. The other parishes in the governmental Department of Magdeburg were created after the middle of the 19th century, when, in consequence of the development of the manufacture of sugar, increasing numbers of Catholics came into the country; the St. Boniface Association gave the money to found these parishes. The Protestant Reformation of the 16th century began under the protection of the electors of Saxony — in 1517, Martin Luther posted his 95 Theses at the castle church of Wittenberg. The royal family remained Roman Catholic, ruling over a domain that was 95% Protestant. After 1918 Saxony was a state in the Weimar Republic and was the scene of Gustav Stresemann's overthrow of the KPD/SPD led government in 1923. The Kingdom of Saxony (German: Königreich Sachsen), lasting between 1806 and 1990, was an independent member of a number of historical confederacies in Napoleonic through post-Napoleonic Germany. When in 1356 the Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV issued the Golden Bull, the fundamental law of the empire which settled the method of electing the emperor, the Duchy of Saxe-Wittenberg was made one of the seven electorates and promoted to become the Electorate of Saxony. The kingdom sided (1866) with Austria in … This effectiveness probably allowed Saxony to escape the fate of other north German states allied with Austria – notably the Kingdom of Hanover – which were annexed by Prussia after the war. Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}51°03′N 13°44′E / 51.050°N 13.733°E / 51.050; 13.733, German kingdom formed from the Electorate of Saxony (1806-1918), Napoleonic era and the German Confederation, Austro-Prussian War and the German Empire, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Reichstag deputies of the Kingdom of Saxony, "Bismarck and the Foundation of the German Empire by J. W. Headlam", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Saxony&oldid=1003508568, Former states and territories of Saxony-Anhalt, States and territories established in 1806, States and territories disestablished in 1918, Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles lacking reliable references from March 2017, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Wilhelm I's grandson Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicated in 1918 as a result of a revolution set off in the days before Germany's defeat in World War I. Otto's son Henry was elected king of Germany (919-936); Henry is justly called the real founder of the German Empire. [19], The lower house of the Diet consisted of:[20], A proxy was to also be chosen for each representative, who would take the representative's place, should they be incapacitated, absent, resign or be removed.