When Louis ascended to the throne in April 1498 after the accidental death of Joan's brother, King Charles VIII, he appealed to the pope to have the marriage annulled in order to marry the late king's widow, Anne of Brittany, in the hope of annexing the Duchy of Brittany to the French Crown. At the time, Louis was not expected to become King of France. Louis XII of France. Louis XII’s overambitious enterprises ended in catastrophe. ", Order of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Gibson, Mary Lou. Francis became Francis I of France and he was crowned on 25th January 1515. The son of Henry IV and Marie de' Medici, Louis XIII (1601-1643) became king of France in 1610 upon the death of his father.His mother acted as regent for the kingdom until the young king seized power on 24 April 1617. "[7] Louis also claimed that his sexual performance had been inhibited by witchcraft; Joan responded by asking how, in that case, he was able to know what it was like to try to make love to her. In France itself Louis XII was highly popular. On 9 October 1514, at the age of 18, Mary Tudor married 52 … The baron supported her in this and had a path paved between the castle and the chapel built for easier walking in poor weather. After his assassination (1610) she became regent for her son Louis XIII. [1], In 1471 King Louis XI ordered the catechism of reciting the Hail Mary for peace to be practised throughout the kingdom. Updates? Louis XII, from 1465 to 1498 duc d’Orléans, also called (from 1506) Father of the People or French Père du Peuple, (born June 27, 1462, Blois, France—died January 1, 1515, Paris), king of France from 1498, noted for his disastrous Italian wars and for his domestic popularity. Saved from en.wikipedia.org. After that, she retired to her domain, where she soon founded the monastic Order of the Sisters of the Annunciation of Mary, where she served as abbess. I am the son of Charles, Duke of Orleans and Marie of Cleves. Under the friar's guidance she was admitted into the Third Order of St. Blessed Gabriel Mary (c. 1460 – 27 August 1532) was born Gilbert Nicholas in, André Vauchez, Michael Lapidge, "Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages: A-J", p.776, 2000 : "Infirm from birth, she was obliged by her father, Louis XI, to marry her cousin, Louis of Orleans. Francis. The Catholic Encyclopedia, Loughlin, James. Louis acquired a … Louis's first wife was Jeanne of France, who was the daughter of Louis XI of France. Louis XII of France (June 27, 1462 – January 1, 1515) was the son of Charles, Duke of Orleans and Mary of Cleves. Desc: Louis XII was King of France from 1498 to 1515 and King of Naples from 1501 to 1504.The son of Charles, Duke of Orléans, and Maria of Cleves, he succeeded his 2nd cousin once removed, Charles VIII, who died without direct heirs in 1498. According to Howell Lloyd, he was a 'ruler in transition': images of Louis XII elevated royal power to divine status, paving the way for the ideology of absolutism to flourish in the era of the Sun King. Louis secured an alliance with Venice and a truce with Ferdinand in the spring of 1513. After Louis' second marriage to Anne was dissolved he married Henry VIII of England's sister Mary. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. by Louis XII of France on Sat May 23, 2020 8:29 am. She was canonized on 28 May 1950[13] by Pope Pius XII. Louis XII. [4]. Pope Alexander VI annulled Louis’s marriage to Jeanne so that Louis could marry Charles’s widow, Anne of Brittany, and thereby reinforce the personal union of her duchy and the French kingdom. The king approved her choice and appointed the friar to this post. Louis’s next concern was to make good his claim to the duchy of Milan. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Louis was Duke of Orleans until his accession to the throne, and he was fourteen years old when Louis XI gave him the hand of his second daughter, Joan the Lame. Louis XII did not have a surviving son so he was succeeded by his nearest male relative, Francis of Angoulême. [2], Joan died on 4 February 1505 and was buried in the chapel of the Annonciade monastery. Louis cited four reasons for the annulment. Despite the distance between them, he would travel regularly to hear the princess's confession. "St. Jeanne de Valois." [4] Duke Louis was released in 1491. Mary Tudor, Queen of France was the title she earned when she married Louis XII of France. Joan of France (French: Jeanne de France, Jeanne de Valois; 23 April 1464 – 4 February 1505), was briefly Queen of France as wife of King Louis XII, in between the death of her brother, King Charles VIII, and the annulment of her marriage. His cousin 13-year-old cousin, Charles VIII, took the French throne in in 1483, under the regency of his sister and brother-in-law. The Religious Sisters serve in Belgium, Burundi, Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, France and Guatemala.[2]. She was made Duchess of Berry and retired to Bourges, capital of the duchy. Pope Alexander VI annulled Louis’s marriage to Jeanne so that Louis could marry Charles’s widow, Anne of Brittany, and thereby reinforce the personal union of her duchy and the French kingdom. When Athos the Musketeer was put on tri… On 16 May 1770, at the age of fifteen, Louis-Auguste married the fourteen-year-old Habsburg Archduchess Maria Antonia (better known by the French form of her name, Marie Antoinette), his second cousin once removed and the youngest daughter of the Holy Roman Emperor Francis I and his wife, the formidable Empress Maria Theresa.This marriage was met with some hostility by the French public. Louis’s next concern was to make good his claim to the duchy of Milan. At the time, the city of Paris was located in the part of continental Europe controlled by the Eng… New York: Robert Appleton Company. During the minority of King Charles VIII, he launched a revolt and was imprisoned (1488). Louis XII of France (June 27, 1462 – January 1, 1515) was the son of Charles, Duke of Orleans and Mary of Cleves.He was born on June 27, 1462 in the Chateau de Blois, France.. Louis's first wife was Jeanne of France, who was the daughter of Louis XI of France.At the time, Louis was not expected to become King of France. On 7th April 1498 I succeeded my brother Charles to the throne of France at the age of 35. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [9] Accordingly, he ruled against the Queen. Louis XIII was born on September 27, 1601 at Château de Fontainebleau to King Henry IV of France and his second queen Marie de' Medici. ), English princess, the third wife of King Louis XII of France; she was the sister of England’s King Henry VIII (ruled 1509–47) and the grandmother of Lady Jane Grey, who was titular queen of England for nine days in 1553. In Women Saints – Lives of Faith and Courage, Kathleen Jones says that Joan had a hump on her back and walked with a limp, suggesting that she had curvature of the spine.[3]. Jul 20, 2017 - Louis XII of France's third wife, Mary Tudor of England. ", Hale, p.16 "The King's case was so weak that if the Pope, Alexander VI, had not been committed to granting the annulment for political purposes, he would have lost it. Louis retorted by sponsoring a general council of the Roman Catholic Church, to meet at Pisa in 1511. Louis's first wife was Jeanne of France, who was the daughter of Louis XI of France. King Louis died in 1483 and was succeeded by his son Charles, but as he was still a child, his sister, Anne de Beaujeu, was made Regent of the kingdom. LOUIS XII, King of France, was grandson of Louis of Orleans, the brother of Charles VI, and son of the poet prince, Charles of Orleans, who, after the battle of Agincourt, spent twenty-five years of captivity in England. Louis de Orleans was born in … By 1484, the duke had begun a series of military campaigns against the kingdom. I was born on 27th June 1462 in the Chateau de Bois in France. ", "The Eclectic Magazine of Foreign Literature, Science, and Art, Volume 33", p.42, 1854: "Louis XI compelled him to marry his deformed and sterile daughter Joan, threatening him with death by drowning, if he refused. At the time, Louis was not expected to become King of France. [2] Joan was born sickly and deformed. , 1573–1642, queen of France, second wife of King Henry IV and daughter of Francesco de' Medici, grand duke of Tuscany. Diplomatically, he had been outwitted twice by Ferdinand and once by Julius, and his deception of Maximilian over Claude’s marriage had been repaid by Maximilian’s final desertion of him. Taking charge of her education, they had her taught both poetry and mathematics, painting, embroidery and how to play the lute. In 1510, however, Julius turned against France. From this Order later sprang the religious congregation of the Apostolic Sisters of the Annunciation, founded in 1787 to teach the children of the poor. Louis XII, assuming the throne of France, April 1498. Detail from a painting, artist and date unknown, of Louis XII riding out with his army in 1507 to chastise the city of Genoa as a prelude to the formation of the League of Cambrai. [12] Soon after her death, miracles and healings attributed to her were said to have occurred. [14], The nuns of the Order of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary still maintain their way of life in monasteries in France, Belgium, Costa Rica and Poland. The duc d’Orléans and a … This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed. I am King Louis XII of France. The Catholic Encyclopedia, "St. Jeanne de Valois profile, Catholic Forum website", Elizabeth Charlotte, Princess of the Palatinate, Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon-Penthièvre, Princess Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Joan_of_France,_Duchess_of_Berry&oldid=1001220438, Members of the Third Order of Saint Francis, Founders of Catholic religious communities, French Roman Catholic religious sisters and nuns, Christian female saints of the Middle Ages, Christian female saints of the Early Modern era, Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia without Wikisource reference, Articles incorporating text from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia without Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 18 January 2021, at 19:33. During this period, he fathered an illegitimate son, Michel de Bussy, who was later appointed the Bishop of Bourges. [8] Joan would likely have won, for Louis's case was exceedingly weak, however Pope Alexander VI was committed for political reasons to grant the annulment. By the Treaty of Blois of September 1504, instigated by Anne of Brittany, the Habsburg emperor Maximilian I recognized Louis as duke of Milan in return for a promise that Milan and also Burgundy should go to Maximilian’s grandson, the future Charles V, and his fiancée, Claude of France, daughter of Louis XII and Anne, unless Louis should have a son. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Louis-XII, Luminarium Encyclopedia - Louis XII, King of France. Media in category "Louis XII of France" The following 12 files are in this category, out of 12 total. Gender: Male Race or Ethnicit. Joan had a strong attachment to this particular prayer. Louis de Orleans was defeated in the Mad War rebellion of 1485-1488 against King Charles VIII of France, but served as a general during the Italian Warsand succeeded Charles as king in 1498. The French attack on Milan was defeated by the Swiss at Novara on June 6; Henry VIII won the Battle of the Spurs, in Artois, on August 16; and the Swiss invaded Burgundy in September. Shortly after her birth, the king signed an agreement to marry her to his second cousin Louis, the Duke of Orléans, later King Louis XII of France, who was aged two at the time. Less than three months later, Louis had applied to the Pope for an annulment of his marriage to Jeanne so he could marry Anne of Brittany, the former Queen. Consequently, Louis became the Dauphin of France at birth. Son of Charles, duc d’Orléans, and Marie de Clèves, Louis succeeded his father as duke in 1465. He married Anne of Brittany, the widow of Charles VIII. The Rule of Life she had written for the Order was approved on 12 February 1502 by Pope Alexander. The marriage was one that was arranged by her brother, King Henry VIII of England and not a love match. At a time when the English held northern France, Louis' father, Charles VII, was restricted to the centre and south of the country. Francis was the son of Louis’s cousin, Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy, and he was also the husband of Louis’ daughter Claude. Joan began to develop a strong pleasure in prayer, and would pass long periods in the castle chapel. King of France, 1498-1515. Omissions? 1852 Levasseur Map of the Department de Loir-et-Cher, France (Loire Valley Wine Region) - Geographicus - LoirEtCher-levasseur-1852.jpg 3,500 × 2,562; 3.2 MB By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Mary Tudor, (born March 1495/96—died June 24, 1533, Westhorpe, Suffolk, Eng. Joan, imagining virtues in her husband that did not exist, exerted herself to mitigate his sufferings and to get him freed. The couple were also faithful Catholics and instilled in the members of their household a solid grounding in the faith. Within a few years, he accompanied King Charles on his military campaign in Italy.[2]. The couple had six children, out of which Louis was the eldest. On 21 November of that same year, the Feast of the Presentation of Mary, Joan and the other women publicly and legally committed themselves to the Order. Born the son of Marie von der Mark-Kleve and Charles, duc d’Orléans in Blois, France. Take advantage of our Presidents' Day bonus! From this Order later sprang the religious congregationof the Apostolic Sisters of the Annunciation, founded in 1787 to t… Joan administered his domain during his imprisonment, especially the Italian cities of Milan and Asti. Circa 1520, Portrait of Pierre du Terrail, Chevalier de Bayard , standing and wearing his armor. Construction of the first monastery was begun the following year. In what has been described as "one of the seamiest lawsuits of the age",[7] Louis did not, as might be expected, argue the marriage to be void due to consanguinity (the general excuse for the dissolution of a marriage at that time). Her grave, however, was desecrated and her body, found to be incorrupt at that time, was burned by the Huguenots during their sack of Bourges on 27 May 1562. Louis XII of France King of France. Birthplace: Chateau de Blois, France ause of death: unspecified Remains: Buried, Saint Denis Basilica. Roi de France1461-1483, Roi de France (1461-1483), King of France, King of France July 22, 1461 - Aug. 30, 1483, AKA "Louis the Prudent" and "the Spider King" Managed by: Private User Last Updated: January 15, 2020 King Louis XII , king of France from 1498 to 1515, Louis XII between the ecclesiastic Peers and the secular Peers, Engraving, 19th century. LOUIS XIII (1601 – 1643; ruled 1610 – 1643)LOUIS XIII (FRANCE) (1601 – 1643; ruled 1610 – 1643), king of France.The historical reputation of Louis XIII has been overshadowed by two figures close to him — his chief minister, Cardinal Richelieu (1585 – 1642), and his son and successor, Louis XIV (ruled 1643 – 1715). Louis XII of France is a member of the following lists: French monarchs, Roman Catholic monarchs and Military leaders of … Joan of France (French: Jeanne de France, Jeanne de Valois; 23 April 1464 – 4 February 1505), was briefly Queen of France as wife of King Louis XII, in between the death of her brother, King Charles VIII, and the annulment of her marriage. Restored to royal favour, he commanded troops at Asti during Charles’s invasion of Italy (1494–95). Despite dismissing them at first, the King was persuaded to make an inquiry and he ordered Trevilleto provide his full cooperation. The French were enraged, however, at the possibility of losing Brittany, and representatives of the three estates were assembled by Louis at Tours in May 1506 to insist on Claude’s betrothal to his heir presumptive, Francis of Angoulême. Louis of Orléans was compelled to be married to his handicapped and supposedly sterile cousin Joan. After that, she retired to her domain, where she soon founded the monastic Order of the Sisters of the Annunciation of Mary, where she served as abbess. This power was consolidated with the help … She was canonized on 28 May 1950 and is known in the Roman Catholic Church as Saint Joan of Valois, O.Ann.M..[1], Joan was born on 23 April 1464 in the castle of Pierre II de Brézé, a trusted supporter of her grandfather, King Charles VII of France, at Nogent-le-Roi in the County of Dreux. Louis XII of France (June 27, 1462 – January 1, 1515) was the son of Charles, Duke of Orleans and Mary of Cleves. She was married to Henry in 1600. The king wished, by a union considered sterile, to extinguish this rival collateral dynasty. Anne agreed to fulfill the terms of the marriage contract and marry Louis, provided that he get an annulment from the Pope within a year. In 1473 King Louis had signed marriage contracts for his daughters. Stained glass portrait of King Louis XII of France. About. [10] The annulment was declared on 15 December 1498. During a bird-shooting session, the King was told by Cardinal Armand Richelieu that there had been reports of rampaging Musketeers. The French victory at Ravenna in April 1512 proved fruitless—the Holy League’s Swiss allies took Milan in the summer, and Maximilian joined the League in November. Maximilian made a separate truce with Venice in April 1511, and the pope, Spain, and Venice formed a Holy League against France that October. "Pope Alexander VI." Born on September 27, 1601, in Fontainebleau, France, Louis XIII of France was the oldest son of King Henry IV and his second wife, Marie de' Medici. Crossing the Alps again to subdue rebels in Genoa, Louis met Ferdinand at Savona in June 1507 to consolidate a new entente formalized in 1508 as the League of Cambrai against Venice, with the inclusion of Maximilian and Pope Julius II. New Year’s Day in 1515, King Louis XII of France died, much to the elation of Mary Tudor (Henry VIII’s sister). France's alliance with Austria had pulled the country into the disastrous Seven Years' War, in which it w… Henry had sent his little sister to marry the fat old king, obviously she was less than impressed about this, and asked that once he died she would be free to choose her next match. He was born on June 27, 1462 in the Chateau de Blois, France. Louis was the cousin of Charles VIII and the nearest relative. He ascended the throne on the death of Charles, becoming the only French king to represent the Valois-Orléans branch of the Valois dynasty. The commission of investigation appointed by the pope established that the marriage with Joan was invalid for lack of consent and that it never had been consummated. Louis XII of France was previously married to Mary Tudor, Queen of France (1514 - 1515), Anne of Brittany (1499 - 1513) and Joan of France, Duchess of Berry (1498). Jul 20, 2017 - Louis XII of France's third wife, Mary Tudor of England .. League of Cambrai, formed Dec. 10, 1508, an alliance of Pope Julius II, the Holy Roman emperor Maximilian I. Catholic Encyclopedia. It was established as an independent branch of the Poor Clares. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The chronology of Head of State of France continues with the Presidents of France and short term interim periods by the Chief of State of the French State (1940–1944), the Chairman of the Provisional Government of the French Republic (1944–1946) and the President of the French Senate (1969 and 1974) during the Fifth Republic. The Anglo-French Peace of London (August 1514) was cemented by the marriage of Louis, a widower since January 1514, with Henry’s sister Mary in October. Louis XII came to the throne in 1498 and ruled France for sixteen years. Claude was the natural heiress to Brittany. His army, spreading terror deliberately, drove his rival Ludovico Sforza from Milan in the summer of 1499, but Sforza reoccupied it the following winter. Louis was born in Bourges on July 3, 1423 the son of King Charles VII of France. She gave him the only name she knew, that of Friar Jean de La Fontaine, Guardian of the Franciscan friary in Amboise. Corrections? Louis XII of France. On 8 September 1476, at the age of 12, Joan was married to the young Louis, Duke of Orléans in Montrichard. (1913). Joan stepped aside, saying that she would pray for her former husband. Louis XII Father of the People (Louis XII le Père du Peuple) 7 April 1498: 1 January 1515 • Great-grandson of Charles V • Second cousin, and by first marriage son-in-law of Louis XI • By second marriage husband of Anne of Brittany, widow of Charles VIII King of France (Roi de France) [5][6] Louis was displeased at the forced marriage, and his treatment of his new wife reflected this. She would later write that it was in that same year that she had received a prophecy from the Virgin Mary that some day she would found a religious community in honor of Our Lady. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. By May 1500 she had received 11 postulants, the nucleus of the new Order. He succeeded his father in 1465. She was the second daughter of King Louis XI of France and of his second wife Charlotte of Savoy; her surviving siblings were King Charles VIII of France and Anne of France. Henry VIII of England promptly joined it, further isolating Louis. The cause for her canonization was begun in 1631 and Pope Benedict XIV beatified her on 21 April 1742. This lasted until 1488, when he was taken captive by the royal forces. "St. Jeanne de Valois". From the time of the assembly at Tours (1506) he was known as the “Father of the People.” He simplified and improved the administration of justice; sought to protect his lowest subjects against oppression; financed his wars, up to 1509, without increase in direct taxation; and kept his kingdom free from civil war and, until the end of the reign, from invasion. Often away on royal duties, King Louis entrusted his daughters, Joan and Anne, to the Baron François de Linières and his wife, Anne de Culan. French Monarch. He was born on June 27, 1462 in the Chateau de Blois, France. Claiming that he could not consummate his marriage with his wife, Jeanne of France, a daughter of Louis IX, even though he had been known to boast of their sexual life, Louis obtained the annulment from Pope Alexander VI, whose son, Caesar Borgia, was … Jeanne, Saint, consort of Louis XII, King of France, 1464-1505 Sources found : Marín Pérez de Suelves, M. de. Louis XII was king of France from June 1498 to January 1515. Vida inimitable, en carrera imcomprehensible, de … At a young age, her father asked her to name the confessor she wanted. The couple, who were childless, lavished affection on Joan. He had been one of the rebel nobles but had been forgiven in 1491 probably because he was family. Louis argued that he had been below the legal age of consent (fourteen) to marry and that the marriage had never been consummated[4] due to her physical deformity, and provided a rich variety of detail as to how she was malformed. He supported her in this venture, and she began to make plans for the Order of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary, a new enclosed religious order in honour of the Annunciation (the announcement to Mary by an angel that she would become the mother of Jesus, although she was a virgin). Louis XII of France (27 June 1462-1 January 1515) was the King of France from 1498 to 1515, succeeding Charles VIII of France and preceding Francis I of France. "Saints for our times: French saint endured much torment from her family", Diocese of Austin, February 8, 2013, Capes, Florence. … Joan was the daughter of King Louis XI, the sister of King Charles VIII and the wife of King Louis XII of France; she was a woman whose life was ruled by kings. Joan, unsurprisingly, fought this uncertain charge fiercely, producing witnesses to Louis boasting of having "mounted my wife three or four times during the night. Joan and Louis had been married at a young age in 1476 on the orders of King Louis XI - Joan's father - after being betrothed since Joan was only eight days old for dynastic reasons. [11], Once settled in her new domain, Joan confided to her spiritual director, the Blessed Gabriel Mary, O.F.M., [a] her call to monastic life. Pursuing Charles VIII’s claims to the kingdom of Naples, Louis concluded the Treaty of Granada (1500) with Ferdinand II of Aragon for a partition of that kingdom, which was conquered in 1501, but a year later the two kings were at war over the partition, and by March 1504 the French had lost all of Naples. On Pentecost Sunday 1504, Joan and Friar Gabriel Mary made private commitments to follow the Rule, and thereby established themselves as co-founders of the Order. In 1476 he was forced to marry Jeanne of France, daughter of his second cousin King Louis XI. By doing so, Louis XI hoped to extinguish the Orléans cadet branch of the House of Valois. The first was the degree of consanguinity, the usual excuse for royal divorce.